Appearance White crystals or crystalline powder Assay 98.5-101.5% Specific rotation +13.7°~ +15.1° PH 5.5-7.0 Loss on drying 0.2% max Residue on ignition 0.15% max Chloride 0.05% max Sulfate 0.03% max Iron 0.003% max Heay metals(as Pb) 0.0015% max Chromatographic purity Total impurity: 2.0% max Individual impurity: 0.5% max

Appearance White crystals or crystalline powder Assay 98.5-101.5% PH 5.5-7.0 Specific rotation (20/D) -29.4°~ -32.8° Hevy metals(as Pb) 0.0015% max Chloride 0.05% max Sulfate 0.03% max Iron 0.003% max Loss on drying 0.3% max Residue on ignition 0.1% max

Appearance White crystals or crystalline powder Indentification(IR) Conforms to standard spectrum Assay 98.5-101.0% Chromatographic purity(TLC) Total impurities: 2.0%max Individual impurities: 0.5% max Specific rotation +14.0°~ +15.6° Chloride(as Cl) 0.05% max Sulphate 0.02% max Iron 0.003% max Heay metals(as Pb) 0.0015% max Loss on drying 0.2% max Residue on ignition 0.1% max Solution transmittance 98.0%min

Appearance White crystals or crystalline powder Assay 98.5%~101.5% Speciific rotation -27.6°~-29.0° PH 5.0-6.5 Chloride 0.02% max Ammonium 200ppm max Sulfate 0.02% max Hevy metals 10PPM max Arsenic 1 PPM max Iron 10PPM max Other amino acids 0.5% max Residue on ignition 0.1% max Loss on drying 0.2% max

White to creamy-yellow crystalline powder,50%min, PH 5.5-7.5, Loss on drying 8.0% max, heay metals 10ppm max

Appearance White crystals or crystalline powder Assay 98.5-101.5% PH 5.4-6.0 Specific rotation (20/D) -32.7°~ -34.7° Heay metals(as Pb) 15ppm max Chloride 0.05% max Sulfate 0.03% max Iron 0.003% max Loss on drying 0.2% max Residue on ignition 0.4% max

Appearance White crystals or crystalline powder Identification IR: Complies with the ref. spectrum Assay 98.5-101.5% Chromatagraphic purity Complies Specific rotation (20/D) -9.8°~ -11.2° Hevy metals(as Pb) 0.0015% max Chloride 0.04% max Sulfate 0.04% max Iron 0.003% max Organic volatile impurities Meets the requirement Loss on drying 0.3% max Residue on ignition 0.4% max

Appearance White crystals or crystalline powder Solubility Soluble in water and practically insoluble in alcohol and in ether Infrared absorption As per FCCVI Specific rotation [α]D20 +6.3°~ +7.3° Lead ≤5mg/kg Loss on drying ≤0.30% Residue on ignition ≤0.10% Assay 98.5~101.5% Melting point 185℃ with decomposition

Appearance light yellow or off-white powder Assay,% (on dried basis) ≥99 Loss on drying,% ≤0.3 Ash,% ≤0.50

Appearance White crystals or crystalline powder Assay 98.5%min Identification Meet the requirements Specific rotation [α]D25 +22.4°~+24.7° Chloride(Cl) 0.05% max Sulfate(SO4) 0.03% max Iron(Fe) 0.003% max Heay metals(Pb) 0.0015% max Loss on drying 0.30% max Residue on ignition 0.40%max Chromatographic purity Not more than 0.5% of any individual impurity is found； Not more than 2.0% of total impurities is found Organic volatile impurities Meets the requirements pH 5.6~6.1

Appearance White crystals or crystalline powder Assay 98.5%~101.5% Specific rotation[α]D20 +20.4°~+21.4° Iron(Fe) 30ppm max Chloride(Cl) 19.0~19.6% Sulfate(SO4) 0.03% max Heay metals, as Pb 15ppm max Loss on drying 0.40% max Residue on ignition 0.10% max Chromatographic purity Any individual impurity 0.5% max Total impurities 2.0% max Organic volatile impurities Meets the requirements PH 5.5-7.0

Appearance White powder Assay 98.0% Specific rotation[α]D20 +24.0°~+27.0° Iron(Fe) 10ppm max Chloride(Cl) 0.02% max Ammonium(NH4) 0.02% max Heay metals, as Pb 10ppm max Arsenic 1ppm max Loss on drying 5.0% max Residue on ignition 0.20% max Other Amino acids Meets the requirements